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For Spanish Speakers

📘 Basic English Course for Spanish Speakers (Beginner Level)

Goal: Help Spanish speakers learn to form correct English sentences in all tenses.
Note: Translations are in Spanish to help understanding.

  1. Present Tense (Tiempo Presente)

A. Present Simple (Presente Simple)

Structure: Subject + Base Verb (+ s/es for he, she, it)
Usage: Daily habits, facts, general truths.

Examples:

  1. I eat breakfast at 8 a.m. → Yo desayuno a las 8 a.m.
  2. She plays the guitar. → Ella toca la guitarra.
  3. They go to school every day. → Ellos van a la escuela todos los días.
  4. Water boils at 100°C. → El agua hierve a 100°C.

B. Present Continuous (Presente Continuo)

Structure: Subject + am/is/are + Verb(-ing)
Usage: Actions happening now or near now.

Examples:

  1. I am reading a book. → Estoy leyendo un libro.
  2. She is cooking dinner. → Ella está cocinando la cena.
  3. We are studying English. → Estamos estudiando inglĂ©s.
  4. They are watching TV. → Ellos están viendo la televisión.

C. Present Perfect (Presente Perfecto)

Structure: Subject + have/has + Past Participle
Usage: Actions that happened at an unspecified time or still affect now.

Examples:

  1. I have visited Spain. → He visitado España.
  2. She has finished her homework. → Ella ha terminado su tarea.
  3. We have seen that movie before. → Hemos visto esa película antes.
  4. They have lived here for five years. → Han vivido aquĂ­ durante cinco años.

D. Present Perfect Continuous (Presente Perfecto Continuo)

Structure: Subject + have/has been + Verb(-ing)
Usage: Actions that started in the past and continue now.

Examples:

  1. I have been studying for two hours. → He estado estudiando durante dos horas.
  2. She has been working since morning. → Ella ha estado trabajando desde la mañana.
  3. We have been waiting for the bus. → Hemos estado esperando el autobĂșs.
  4. They have been playing football all day. → Han estado jugando fĂștbol todo el dĂ­a.
  1. Past Tense (Tiempo Pasado)

A. Past Simple (Pasado Simple)

Structure: Subject + Past Verb
Usage: Completed actions in the past.

Examples:

  1. I visited my grandmother yesterday. → VisitĂ© a mi abuela ayer.
  2. She cooked pasta for dinner. → Ella cocinó pasta para la cena.
  3. We played cricket last Sunday. → Jugamos cricket el domingo pasado.
  4. They watched a movie. → Ellos vieron una película.

B. Past Continuous (Pasado Continuo)

Structure: Subject + was/were + Verb(-ing)
Usage: Actions happening at a specific time in the past.

Examples:

  1. I was reading when you called. → Estaba leyendo cuando llamaste.
  2. She was cooking while I was cleaning. → Ella estaba cocinando mientras yo estaba limpiando.
  3. We were sleeping at midnight. → Estábamos durmiendo a medianoche.
  4. They were playing outside. → Ellos estaban jugando afuera.

C. Past Perfect (Pasado Perfecto)

Structure: Subject + had + Past Participle
Usage: An action completed before another past action.

Examples:

  1. I had finished my work before dinner. → Había terminado mi trabajo antes de la cena.
  2. She had left when I arrived. → Ella se habĂ­a ido cuando lleguĂ©.
  3. We had studied before the test. → Habíamos estudiado antes del examen.
  4. They had eaten before going out. → Ellos habían comido antes de salir.

D. Past Perfect Continuous (Pasado Perfecto Continuo)

Structure: Subject + had been + Verb(-ing)
Usage: An action that continued up to a point in the past.

Examples:

  1. I had been reading for an hour before you arrived. → Había estado leyendo durante una hora antes de que llegaras.
  2. She had been working there for five years. → Ella habĂ­a estado trabajando allĂ­ durante cinco años.
  3. We had been playing for two hours. → Habíamos estado jugando durante dos horas.
  4. They had been studying all night. → Ellos habían estado estudiando toda la noche.
  1. Future Tense (Tiempo Futuro)

A. Future Simple (Futuro Simple)

Structure: Subject + will + Base Verb
Usage: Predictions, decisions, promises.

Examples:

  1. I will call you tomorrow. → Te llamarĂ© mañana.
  2. She will travel to Paris next week. → Ella viajará a París la próxima semana.
  3. We will play football. → Jugaremos fĂștbol.
  4. They will help us. → Ellos nos ayudarán.

B. Future Continuous (Futuro Continuo)

Structure: Subject + will be + Verb(-ing)
Usage: Actions happening at a specific time in the future.

Examples:

  1. I will be working at 8 p.m. → EstarĂ© trabajando a las 8 p.m.
  2. She will be cooking dinner. → Ella estará cocinando la cena.
  3. We will be studying for the exam. → Estaremos estudiando para el examen.
  4. They will be traveling tomorrow. → Ellos estarĂĄn viajando mañana.

C. Future Perfect (Futuro Perfecto)

Structure: Subject + will have + Past Participle
Usage: Actions completed before a specific future time.

Examples:

  1. I will have finished my work by 6 p.m. → HabrĂ© terminado mi trabajo para las 6 p.m.
  2. She will have cooked dinner before we arrive. → Ella habrá cocinado la cena antes de que lleguemos.
  3. We will have completed the project by Friday. → HabrĂ©mos completado el proyecto para el viernes.
  4. They will have left by noon. → Ellos se habrán ido para el mediodía.

D. Future Perfect Continuous (Futuro Perfecto Continuo)

Structure: Subject + will have been + Verb(-ing)
Usage: Actions continuing up to a point in the future.

Examples:

  1. I will have been studying for three hours by 5 p.m. → HabrĂ© estado estudiando durante tres horas para las 5 p.m.
  2. She will have been working here for ten years. → Ella habrĂĄ estado trabajando aquĂ­ durante diez años.
  3. We will have been playing for two hours. → HabrĂ©mos estado jugando durante dos horas.
  4. They will have been traveling for a month. → Ellos habrán estado viajando durante un mes.

Verb Forms

📜 50 Important Verb Forms for Beginners

V1 (Base Form) V2 (Past) V3 (Past Participle)

be was/were been
become became become
begin began begun
break broke broken
bring brought brought
build built built
buy bought bought
catch caught caught
choose chose chosen
come came come
cut cut cut
do did done
draw drew drawn
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feel felt felt
find found found
fly flew flown
forget forgot forgotten
get got got/gotten
give gave given
go went gone
grow grew grown
have had had
hear heard heard
keep kept kept
know knew known
leave left left
lose lost lost
make made made
meet met met
pay paid paid
put put put
read read /red/ read /red/
ride rode ridden
ring rang rung
run ran run
say said said
see saw seen
sell sold sold
send sent sent
sing sang sung
sit sat sat
sleep slept slept
speak spoke spoken
spend spent spent
stand stood stood
take took taken
tell told told
think thought thought
write wrote written

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